Reflexes of newborn

REFLEXES OF NEWBORN

An involuntary response to a stimulus (an involuntary action) called reflex.

1. Sucking Reflex -

If cheek of child touch from one side of mouth then neonate turn the head in same direction and start to suck.
Appear in 14 weeks of intra uterine life.
Disappear at 4 months if child awakening or 7 month if sleeping.

2. Rooting Reflex -

The infant turn his head towards any object that touch his cheek and actively seek the nipple and start to suck.
It appears at 34 weeks of intra uterine life & disappears at 3-4 month.

3. Swallowing Reflex -

Neonate, swallow after sucking.
Swallowing reflex appears after 34 weeks of intra uterine life.
New born, born at 32-34 weeks have minor sucking reflex but cannot swallow well, so they have risk of aspiration.

4. Tonic-neck Reflex or Fencing Reflex -

If head of new born turn one side, then arm and leg of same side extend & opposite arm & leg are flex.
Disappear within 3-4 month.
If this reflex present after 6 months, it is abnormal and which indicate spastic cerebral palsy.

5. Grasp Reflex -

New born grasp if any object put on palm (palmar grasp) and soles (planter grasps).
Present at birth and disappear within 3 month (palmar) and 8 month (planter).
It may reappear later in life if an individual suffers an injury to the frontal lobes of the brain.

6. Moro's Reflex -

When loud voice is made or if new born hold in semi sitting position (45 degree) and then allow the head & trunk to dropped back side (at 30 degree angle) then rapid abduction & extension of the arms and fanning of fingers (making 'C' shape with thumb) occur.
Disappear within 3 month (in 90% babies).
Indicate abnormal if present after 6 month.

7. Babinski's Reflex -

Gentle stroking of lateral aspect of sole in 'J' shape, cause newborn's big toes to dorsi-flexes downward & fingers are hyper-extend.
Disappear in 6 month and it is normal under 12 months due to incomplete myelinization of axons.
It is a normal reflex if in infants under the age of 6 months but indicates a lesion of the pyramidal (corticospinal) tract in older individuals.

8. Doll's eye Reflex -

As head is moved to right or left, eyes are lag behind and do not adjust to new position.
Disappear at 3-4 month.

9. Extrusion Reflex -

When tongue is touched or depressed, infant respond by forcing it outward
Disappear at 4 month.

10. Blinking Reflex -

Sudden closing of the eyelids in response to turning of head, loud noises, bright lights or visual threats.
It doesn't disappear
Absence of this reflex occurs in blindness & in injuries to cranial nerves III, V, and VII.

11. Gag Reflex -

Gagging and vomiting resulting from irritation of the throat or pharynx. It persists lifelong.

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